程序设计编程练习题解题报告(第12周)

《程序设计方法(C\C++)》是北京理工大学的一门课程,该课通过北京理工大学网络教室评测的编程练习题计算平时成绩。

34 求两点间距离

注:最开始的时候我在getDistance(…)这个友元函数的定义上费了很大的劲,我想把一个模板函数定义成一个模板类的友元,但是似乎不行,只好在定义函数的时候把它实例化。

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include <iomanip>

using namespace std;

template <class Tp>
	class CPoint {
		private:
			Tp x,y;
		public:
            CPoint(Tp _x,Tp _y) {
                x=_x;
                y=_y;
            }
			Tp getX() {
				return x;
			}
			Tp getY() {
				return y;
			}
			friend Tp getDistance(CPoint<Tp> a,CPoint<Tp> b);
	};

double getDistance(CPoint<double> a,CPoint<double> b) {
    return sqrt(pow(a.x-b.x,2)+pow(a.y-b.y,2));
}

int main() {
	double x,y;
	cin>>x>>y;
	CPoint <double>a(x,y);
	cin>>x>>y;
	CPoint <double>b(x,y);
	cout<<"Distance="<<getDistance(a,b)<<endl;
	return 0;
}

35 统计单词个数

注:这道题我考虑得挺多的,结果交了才发现数据给的很简单,我考虑了多重空格、标点前后的空格(通过真正地鉴别单词的个数而不是通过空格),其实还没考虑缩音词。

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>

using namespace std;

class Counter{
    private:
        int _c;
        char lastChar,thisChar;
        bool isChar(char c) {
            return (c<='Z'&&c>='A')||(c<='z'&&c>='a')||c=='\'';
        }
    public:
        Counter() {
            _c=0;
            lastChar=' ';
        }
        void countWord() {
            while (lastChar!='\n') {
                thisChar=cin.get();
                if (isChar(thisChar)&&!isChar(lastChar))
                    _c++;
                lastChar=thisChar;
            }
        }
        void show() {
            cout<<"Words="<<_c<<endl;
        }
};

int main() {
    Counter counter;
    counter.countWord();
    counter.show();
    return 0;
}

36 显示时间

注:这个题要容错,于是我就专门写了个容错函数,谁让我懒呢。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template <class Tp>
	class Time {
		private:
			Tp hour,minute,second;
			Tp fixByRange(Tp __data,Tp __floor,Tp __ceil) {
				if (__data<=__ceil&&__data>=__floor)
					return __data;
				else
					return 0;
			}
		public:
			Time() {
				hour=0;
				minute=0;
				second=0;
			}
			void setHour(Tp __hour) {
				hour=fixByRange(__hour,0,23);
			}
			void setMinute(Tp __minute) {
				minute=fixByRange(__minute,0,59);
			}
			void setSecond(Tp __second) {
				second=fixByRange(__second,0,59);
			}
			void setTime() {
				Tp tmpC;
				cin>>tmpC;
				setHour(tmpC);
				cin>>tmpC;
				setMinute(tmpC);
				cin>>tmpC;
				setSecond(tmpC);
			}
			void print() {
				cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<second<<endl;
			}
		};

int main() {
	Time<int> objTime;
	objTime.setTime();
	objTime.print();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

37 整数集合运算

核心思想:这道题写得有点累,重载其实在外面也可以,只是后来懒得再写了。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template <class Tpi,class Tp>
	class Set {
		private:
			Tp array[1000];
			Tpi length;
		public:
			Set(Tp __length=0) {
				//array[__length];
				length=__length;
				Tpi i;
				for (i=0;i<__length;i++)
					array[i]=0;
			}
			void get() {
				cin>>length;
				Tpi i;
				for (i=0;i<length;i++)
					cin>>array[i];
			}
			void put() {
				Tpi i;
				for (i=0;i<length;i++)
					cout<<array[i]<<" ";
				cout<<endl;
			}
			Tpi getLength() {
				return length;
			}
			/*Set<Tpi,Tp> operator+(Set<Tpi,Tp> & __Set) {
				Tpi i,j;
				Set<int,int> ret=this;
				for (j=0;j<__Set.length;j++) {
					for (i=0;i<ret.length;i++)
						if (ret.array[i]!=__Set.array[j])
							break;
					ret.array[length++]=__Set.array[j];
				}
				return ret;
			}*/
			friend Set<Tpi,Tp> operator+(Set<Tpi,Tp> & _s1,Set<Tpi,Tp> & _s2) {
				int i,j;
				Set<Tpi,Tp> ret;
				for (j=0;j<_s1.length;j++) {
					for (i=0;i<ret.length;i++)
						if (ret.array[i]==_s1.array[j])
							break;
					if (i==ret.length)
						ret.array[ret.length++]=_s1.array[j];
				}
				for (j=0;j<_s2.length;j++) {
					for (i=0;i<ret.length;i++)
						if (ret.array[i]==_s2.array[j])
							break;
					if (i==ret.length)
						ret.array[ret.length++]=_s2.array[j];
				}
				return ret;
			}
			friend Set<Tpi,Tp> operator-(Set<Tpi,Tp> & _s1,Set<Tpi,Tp> & _s2) {
				int i,j;
				Set<Tpi,Tp> ret;
				for (i=0;i<_s1.length;i++) {
					for (j=0;j<_s2.length;j++)
						if (_s1.array[i]==_s2.array[j])
							break;
					if (j==_s2.length)
						ret.array[ret.length++]=_s1.array[i];
				}
				return ret;
			}
	};
/*template <class Tpi,class Tp>
	Set<Tpi,Tp> operator+(Set<Tpi,Tp> & _s1,Set<Tpi,Tp> & _s2) {
		int i,j;
		Set<Tpi,Tp> ret();
		for (j=0;j<_s2.length;j++) {
			for (i=0;i<_s1.length;i++)
				if (_s1.array[i]!=_s2.array[j])
					break;
			ret.array[ret.length++]=_s2.array[j];
		}
		return ret;
	}
template <class Tpi,class Tp>
	Set<Tpi,Tp> operator-(Set<Tpi,Tp> & _s1,Set<Tpi,Tp> & _s2) {
		int i,j;
		Set<Tpi,Tp> ret();
		for (i=0;i<_s1.length;i++) {
			for (j=0;j<_s2.length;j++)
				if (_s1.array[i]==_s2.array[j])
					break;
			ret.array[ret.length++]=_s1.array[i];
		}
		return ret;
	}*/

int main() {
	Set<int,int> s1,s2;
	s1.get();
	s2.get();
	Set<int,int> ret1=s1+s2;
	Set<int,int> ret2=s1-s2;
	cout<<"int1+int2=";
	ret1.put();
	cout<<"int1-int2=";
	ret2.put();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

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